44.Innovative modules created at the College of Agriculture and College of Engineering are mounted low and rotate to allow farm equipment to pass Senate, Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, "Greenhouse Effect and Global Climate Change, part 2" 100th Cong., 1st sess., 23 June 1988, p. 189 (8 August 1975), 460-463.Ģ For example, see: MIT, Inadvertent Climate Modification: Report of the Study of Man's Impact on Climate (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1971).ģNational Academy of Science, Carbon Dioxide and Climate, Washington, D.C., 1979, p. Like the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, we've chosen to emphasize global climate change on this website, and not global warming.ġ Wallace Broecker, "Climatic Change: Are We on the Brink of a Pronounced Global Warming?" Science, vol.
So "global climate change" is the more scientifically accurate term. For this reason, scientific research on climate change encompasses far more than surface temperature change. Changes to precipitation patterns and sea level are likely to have much greater human impact than the higher temperatures alone. Global change never gained traction in either the scientific literature or the popular media.īut temperature change itself isn't the most severe effect of changing climate. He said: "global warming has reached a level such that we can ascribe with a high degree of confidence a cause and effect relationship between the greenhouse effect and the observed warming."4 Hansen's testimony was very widely reported in popular and business media, and after that popular use of the term global warming exploded. Hansen had testified to Congress about climate, specifically referring to global warming. Global Change Research Program.īut global warming became the dominant popular term in June 1988, when NASA scientist James E. climate research program was embedded as a theme area within the U.S. Global warming refers to surface temperature increases, while climate change includes global warming and everything else that increasing greenhouse gas amounts will affect.ĭuring the late 1980s one more term entered the lexicon, “global change.” This term encompassed many other kinds of change in addition to climate change. Within scientific journals, this is still how the two terms are used. Global warming: the increase in Earth’s average surface temperature due to rising levels of greenhouse gases.Ĭlimate change: a long-term change in the Earth’s climate, or of a region on Earth.
When referring to surface temperature change, Charney used "global warming." When discussing the many other changes that would be induced by increasing carbon dioxide, Charney used "climate change." In place of inadvertent climate modification, Charney adopted Broecker's usage. The first decisive National Academy of Science study of carbon dioxide's impact on climate, published in 1979, abandoned "inadvertent climate modification." Often called the Charney Report for its chairman, Jule Charney of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, declared: "if carbon dioxide continues to increase, no reason to doubt that climate changes will result and no reason to believe that these changes will be negligible."3
So "inadvertent climate modification," while clunky and dull, was an accurate reflection of the state of knowledge. Which effect would dominate?įor most of the 1970s, nobody knew. Industrial emissions of tiny airborne particles called aerosols might cause cooling, while greenhouse gas emissions would cause warming. Earlier studies of human impact on climate had called it "inadvertent climate modification."2 This was because while many scientists accepted that human activities could cause climate change, they did not know what the direction of change might be. Its first use was in a 1975 Science article by geochemist Wallace Broecker of Columbia University's Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory: "Climatic Change: Are We on the Brink of a Pronounced Global Warming?"1īroecker's term was a break with tradition.
To a scientist, global warming describes the average global surface temperature increase from human emissions of greenhouse gases. We use the less appealing "climate change." Why? But we don't use global warming much on this website. The Union of Concerned Scientists website on climate change is titled "Global Warming," just one of many examples.
#Impact syn full
The Internet is full of references to global warming.
0 kommentar(er)
